Commune, La

Commune, La
   La Commune, or the Paris Commune as it is also known, is the name applied to the revolutionary government installed by the people of paris during the franco-prussian war (1870-71). After the surrender of the emperor napoléon III at Sedan in September 1870, the republicans of Paris staged a bloodless revolution and proclaimed the third republic. In January 1871, the city capitulated to the Germans and, in February, a National Assembly, which was to meet at Versailles, was elected by the rest of the country. The monarchist majority in the assembly favored the peace terms dictated by Bismarck, but the radical Republicans and the Socialists in Paris supported the continuation of the war. On March 18, the Parisians led an uprising against the national government. A proletarian dictatorship was established in Paris and, on March 28, the Commune of 1871 was proclaimed. A majority of its members, the Communards, were followers of the revolutionary louis blanqui, who was then being held prisoner at Versailles by louis Thiers, who was leading the government there. The other Communards supported the socialist model of pierre proudhon or were members of the International Workingmen's Association and were close to a form of Marxism. The Commune proposed or adopted several measures favorable to the workers, but before these could be implemented, the National Assembly sent troops from Versailles to suppress the revolt. After occupying strategic points in the city's outlying areas, the assembly's troops bombarded Paris and civil war began. These troops entered the city on May 21 and a week of carnage and savagery (May 21-28), known as "Bloody Week," ensued. More than 20,000 Communards were slaughtered and, in turn, the Communards burned a number of public buildings and shot a number of hostages. The Commune fell on May 28. Considered to be the first proletarian revolution, the Commune of 1871 was disavowed at the time by the bourgeoisie, even the most liberal, while it was viewed favorably by members of the Left and the extreme Left.

France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present . 1884.

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  • Commune — Commune, La …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • commune — [ kɔmyn ] n. f. • comugne XIIe; lat. communia, de communis → commun 1 ♦ Anciennt Ville affranchie du joug féodal, et que les bourgeois administraient eux mêmes; corps des bourgeois. ⇒ bourgeoisie (1o), échevinage. La charte d une commune. 2 ♦… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • commune — Commune. s. f. La populace, le commun peuple d une ville, ou d un bourg. La Commune d un tel lieu. la Commune s esmut. la Commune prit les armes. il ne faut pas irriter la Commune. armer la Commune. Les Communes au pluriel, se prend pour les… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • Commune — Com*mune (k[o^]m*m[=u]n ), v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Communed} (k[o^]m*m[=u]nd ); p. pr. & vb. n. {Communing}.] [OF. communier, fr. L. communicare to communicate, fr. communis common. See {Common}, and cf. {Communicate}.] 1. To converse together with… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Commune — Com mune (k[o^]m m[=u]n), n. [F., fr. commun. See {Common}.] 1. The commonalty; the common people. [Obs.] Chaucer. [1913 Webster] In this struggle to use the technical words of the time of the commune , the general mass of the inhabitants,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • commune — com‧mune [ˈkɒmjuːn ǁ ˈkɑː , kəˈmjuːn] noun [countable] 1. COMMERCE a group of people who live and work together and share what they produce 2. FARMING a group of people who work together on a farm owned by the state, and give what they produce to …   Financial and business terms

  • commune — commune1 [kə myo͞on′; ] for n. [ käm′yo͞on΄] vi. communed, communing [ME communen < OFr comuner, to make common, share < comun (see COMMON); also < OFr communier, to administer the sacrament < L communicare, to share (LL(Ec), to… …   English World dictionary

  • commune — Ⅰ. commune [1] ► NOUN 1) a group of people living together and sharing possessions and responsibilities. 2) the smallest French territorial division for administrative purposes. 3) (the Commune) the government elected in Paris in 1871, advocating …   English terms dictionary

  • Commune FC — Commune Full name Commune Football Club Founded 1977 Ground Stade du 4 Août Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (Capacity: 40,000) Chairman …   Wikipedia

  • Commune — Com mune (k[o^]m m[=u]n), n. Communion; sympathetic intercourse or conversation between friends. [1913 Webster] For days of happy commune dead. Tennyson. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • commune — [n] group living together collective, commonage, commonality, community, cooperative, family, kibbutz, municipality, neighborhood, rank and file, village; concept 379 commune [v] communicate, experience with another confer, confide in,… …   New thesaurus

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